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Edward England, born Edward Seegar (c.1685–1721)〔David Marley (2010), ''Pirates of the Americas: Volume 1'', p. 583.〕〔Angus Konstam and David Cordingly (2002), ''The History of Pirates'', p. 132.〕 was a famous African coast and Indian Ocean pirate captain from 1717 to 1720. The ships he sailed on included the ''Pearl'' (which he renamed ''The Royal James'') and later the ''Fancy'', for which England exchanged the ''Pearl'' in 1720. His flag was the classic Jolly Roger — almost exactly as ''Black Sam'' Bellamy before him used — with a skull above two crossed Humerus bones on a black background. ==Early life== Born in Ireland as Edward Seegar sometime around 1685〔Pirates & Privateers in Mauritius By Denis Piat〕 He was probably raised as a Catholic.〔Pirates of the Americas, Volume 1 By David F. Marley〕 He was said to be an educated man.〔Rediker, Marcus. Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age〕 Seegar changed his surname to England when he turned pirate.〔Pirates of the Americas, Volume 1 By David F. Marley〕 England made his way to Jamaica and during the War of Spanish Succession he served as a privateer.〔Piracy: The Complete History By Angus Konstam〕 He was captured by the pirate captain Christopher Winter and forced to join the crew.〔Charles Johnson (1724), ''A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates'', p. 113.〕 Winter most likely took England to the pirate base on Nassau, Bahamas. England took part in Henry Jennings assault on the Spanish salvage camp at Palma de Ayz, Florida, stealing £87,000 in gold and silver.〔Contemporary Maritime Piracy: International Law, Strategy, and Diplomacy at Sea By James Kraska〕 England is next reported as Charles Vane's quartermaster, in March 1718. Vane's sloop, the ''Lark'' was captured by the Royal Navy, but England and the rest of the crew were released to induce the other pirates of Nassau to accept the King's pardon.〔Colin Woodard (2008), ''The Republic of Pirates'', ISBN 0-15-603462-X, p. 234-35.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edward England」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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